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As a drug delivery system, ketoconazole microemulsion in virgin coconut oil (oil phase) is
added with a thickening agent to create transdermal dosage form. This study aimed to compare the
physical stabilities of ketoconazole microemulsions formed with different thickeners, namely
Carbopol 934 and Carbopol 941. The formula used varying concentrations of Carbopol 934 and
Carbopol 941, i.e., 0.15% and 0.25%. The stability was observed during eight-week storage in which
the conditions were controlled by different degrees of temperature, i.e., 40C, 25-300C (room
temperature), and 400C. The stability tests included organoleptic observation, pH, surface tension,
viscosity, particle size, and zeta potential. Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test results, ketoconazole
microemulsion with Carbopol 941 that had been stored in different temperature showed a significant
difference in particle size (significance value< 0.05), but it did not apply to Carbopol 934. The evaluation revealed that compared to 0.25% of Carbopol 934, microemulsion with 0.15% of Carbopol 934 had a smaller difference between the time intervals. This research concluded that the use of 0.15% of Carbopol 934 as a thickener in ketoconazole microemulsion had better physical stability compared to Carbopol 941 due to the influence of temperature and length of storage.

Muhammadiyah and NU are two well-known socio-religious organizations
in the world over the years. In spite of the fact that both organizations are
characterized as religious social movement, each of them has their individual
creativity, which is called al-thaqafat in their motions. This study aims to
identify the organization of Muhammadiyah-NU as a religious heritage,
which affects other religious organizations both in Indonesia and other
countries. This research employed a qualitative approach by using historical
method to obtain the actual reality. For data collection, literature reviews,
documentation and interviews were also conducted to gather empiric facts.
The researchers interviewed public figures of the organizations. Al-thaqafat
becomes part of elements rather than cultivated culture, which is understood as
habitual patterns of human creativity, including a religious organization. Both
organizations are the result of an al-thaqafat religious creativity created by
each founder and can be pursued into the world monumental heritage. Without
denying, the existence of al-thaqafat creativity will continue to enlighten the
world civilization. Therefore, Muhammadiyah and NU have been doing and
keeping continuing al-thaqafat creativity enlightenment through their charitable
organizations and institutions. The result is profoundly proven so that theyhave been in an existence more than a century.
[Muhammadiyah dan NU adalah dua organisasi sosial keagamaan yang
sudah dikenal oleh dunia selama ini. Meskipun organisasi tersebut bercirikan
gerakan sosial keagamaan, namun keduanya memiliki kreativitas masingmasing
yang bersifat al-thaqafat dalam gerakan yang dilakukannya. Artikel
ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasikan Muhammadiyah-NU sebagai
warisan budaya kreativitas keagamaan monumental yang mendunia, dengan
menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan historical studies dalam model
deskriptif untuk mendapatkan realitas yang sebenarnya. Kajian pustaka,
dokumentasi dan wawancara dilakukan untuk mendapatkan fakta-fakta
dan data data yang empirik. Al-thaqafat menjadi elemen bagian daripada
hasil budidaya yang dipahami sebagai pola kebiasaan yang menjadi kreativitas
manusia, termasuk membentuk suatu organisasi keagamaan. Organisasi
Muhammadiyah–NU adalah hasil dari sebuah al-thaqafat kreativitas
keagamaan yang diciptakan oleh para pendirinya masing-masing yang
lahir dari rahim alam Nusantara dan dapat diupayakan menjadi warisan
monumental dunia. Tanpa dipungkiri hakikat keberadaan kreativitas
al-thaqafat akan terus mencerahkan peradaban dunia. Oleh karena itu,
Muhammadiyah–NU telah dan terus melakukan al-thaqafat kreativitas
pencerahan, baik melalui institusi organisasi maupun amal usaha yang
dikelolanya. Hasil dari jerih payah tersebut terbukti bahwa dua ormas ini
masih bertahan hingga saat ini].

Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional or JKN realized as the one of problem-solving for equity of healthcare in Indonesian setting. At the same point, it has to compatible with all aspects in health financing issues by its newly adopted systems. This review aims to reveal JKN health financing policy since it implemented by 2014 in Indonesia. Several
bibliographies databases were identified to conduct literature reviews that comprised of international and national/local journals. It founds that JKN principles focuses on mutual support, not-for-profit, good governance, and portability aspects. JKN enrollment consisted of two types polisholders including incapable polis insurance (PBI JKN) that bear by the Indonesian government, and capable polis insurance (none PBI JKN). JKN have to synergize with recent existing challenges including integration from previous regional health insurance (Jamkesda), healthcare facilities, package benefit, financing issue as well as the deficit issue which happened as lower dues that making by JKN polisholder than the high claim by the healthcare facilities particularly in hospitals. Although, JKN emerges to tackle the inequity of healthcare in all Indonesian regions, the existing settled Jamkesda in several regions, particularly regions with high regional income, made JKN integration as the setback health financing on its regions. Limited healthcare facilities that cooperated with BPJS-Kesehatan also challenged the JKN implementation as well as financial lose in affecting by mismatch between medical expenditures with JKN claimed as per package. It concludes that the political willing to choose several options including to prevent JKN deficit depend on the leader commitment to make JKN as not for another journey but it shall be the destination for health financing in Indonesia.

This article discusses on sector-specific and spatial-specific multipliers in Indonesian economy using
6-country-30 sector input-output tables for the year 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2014. The results show that
firstly, in all years, there were 20 sectors with total output multipliers more than 2. Flow-on effects
were higher than initial effects. These sectors should be prioritized if increasing of total output is the
objective of Indonesian economic development as total output will be created with less initial efforts.
Secondly, in the year of 2000, average percentage of multipliers occurred in own-sector was 56.23
per cent, and increase slightly in 2005 (57.38%) and 2010 (58.93%), but decrease in 2014 (57.98%).
Correlation between total output multipliers and percentage of multipliers occurred in other-sector
was positive, very strong and statistically significant. The higher total output multipliers, the higher
percentage of multipliers occurred in other-sector. Thirdly, in the year of 2000, average percentage
of multipliers occurred in other-countries was 21.34 per cent and decrease slightly in 2005 (20.22%)
and 2010 (18.14%), but increase in 2014 (20.55%). Correlation between total output multipliers and
percentage of multipliers occurred in other-countries were positive, very strong and statistically
significant. The higher total output multipliers, the higher multipliers occurred in other-countries.

6-Mercaptopurine is a chemotherapeutic agent of the antimetabolite class. This study aims to analyze
simultaneous validation of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), 6-methylmercaptopurine (6-MMP), and 6-thioguanosine-5’-
monophosphate (6-TGMP) in dried blood spot (DBS) using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass
spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). An accurate volume of 60 μL blood was spotted onto DBS-CAMAG paper and then
extracted using methanol 90% (v/v) containing an internal standard of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Separation was
performed using a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH AMIDA column 1.7 μm (2.1 x 100 mm) with a mobile phase mixture of
0.2% (v/v) formic acid in water−0.1% (v/v) formic acid in acetonitrile-methanol with gradient elution and flow rate of
0.2 mL/min. Mass detection was done using Waters Xevo TQD with positive electrospray ionization (ESI) for 6-MP,
6-MMP, 6-TGMP and negative ESI for 5-FU, in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Detection rates of 6-MP, 6-MMP,
6-TGMP and 5-FU were m/z 153.09 > 119.09; 167.17 > 126.03; 380.16 > 168.00); 129.09 > 42.05, respectively. This
method is linear across the range of 25.5–1020 ng/mL for 6-MP, 6-MMP and 6-TGMP. This method is valid for the in
vitro simultaneous analysis of 6-MP, 6-MMP and 6-TGMP in DBS, based on European Medicine Agency guidelines.

Landasan Ilmu Pendidikan Author : Yoce Aliah Darma, Yoce Abstrak: Download disini !  

Author : Abstrak: Download disini !  

Author : Wahjusaputri, Sintha Abstrak: Download disini !  

Author : Fitriani, Somariah Abstrak: Download disini !  

Author : Abstrak: Download disini !