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Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate (MAP) is one of derivatives of vitamin C which is more stable in water. MAP hydrophilic nature makes it difficult to penetrate the stratum corneum. Therefore, to increase the penetration, MAP is encapsulated in a liposome system. The sonication can be used to regulated the vesicles size and increase the entrapment efficiency. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of sonicator usage time on entrapment efficiency. The thin layer hydration method was used to prepare MAP liposomes with a ratio of lecithin and cholesterol in 30: 1, respectively. The variations of sonicator usage time were 10,15 and 20 minutes. Characterization of liposomes was observed by morphology, vesicle size and drug entrapment studies. The results showed that MAP entrapment efficiency percentage consecutively was 63.4705%; 70.4261%; and 78.0869%; while the size obtained is 466.9 nm; 298.6 nm; and 179.4 nm. One-way ANOVA test results showed a significant difference in each treatment. It can be concluded that the increasing sonicator usage time can decrease vesicle size and increase entrapment efficiency of MAP liposomes.
Keywords: Liposomes, Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Sonication, Sonicator

Ciplukan is a plant that widely used as a traditional medicine e.g : anti-inflammatory, bronchitis, ulcers, cancer, tumors, leukemia and diabetes mellitus due to chemical compounds like saponin , terpenoids, and alkaloids. This research was conducted by making extract ciplukan effervescent tablet using sodium lauryl sulfat, PEG 6000 and sodium benzoate as lubricant. This tablet was made in 3 formula i.e 2% of sodium lauryl sulfat (F1), 3% of PEG 6000 (F2) and 4% of sodium benzoate. The tablet was evaluated for weight uniformity, size uniformity, hardness, friability, dissolve time, and pH’s test. The result shows that the comparison of lubricant can give different in dissolving time. Formula II shows the dissolving time quicker than formula I and formula III. By one way ANOVA analyses with 95% of significance level , among all combinations showed a significant differences.

Ciplukan is a plant that widely used as a traditional medicine e.g : anti-inflammatory, bronchitis, ulcers, cancer, tumors, leukemia and diabetes mellitus due to chemical compounds like saponin , terpenoids, and alkaloids. This research was conducted by making extract ciplukan effervescent tablet using sodium lauryl sulfat, PEG 6000 and sodium benzoate as lubricant. This tablet was made in 3 formula i.e 2% of sodium lauryl sulfat (F1), 3% of PEG 6000 (F2) and 4% of sodium benzoate. The tablet was evaluated for weight uniformity, size uniformity, hardness, friability, dissolve time, and pH’s test. The result shows that the comparison of lubricant can give different in dissolving time. Formula II shows the dissolving time quicker than formula I and formula III. By one way ANOVA analyses with 95% of significance level , among all combinations showed a significant differences.

Ciplukan is a plant that widely used as a traditional medicine e.g : anti-inflammatory, bronchitis, ulcers, cancer, tumors, leukemia and diabetes mellitus due to chemical compounds like saponin , terpenoids, and alkaloids. This research was conducted by making extract ciplukan effervescent tablet using sodium lauryl sulfat, PEG 6000 and sodium benzoate as lubricant. This tablet was made in 3 formula i.e 2% of sodium lauryl sulfat (F1), 3% of PEG 6000 (F2) and 4% of sodium benzoate. The tablet was evaluated for weight uniformity, size uniformity, hardness, friability, dissolve time, and pH’s test. The result shows that the comparison of lubricant can give different in dissolving time. Formula II shows the dissolving time quicker than formula I and formula III. By one way ANOVA analyses with 95% of significance level , among all combinations showed a significant differences.

Tocopheryl acetate is not oxidized and can penetrate through the skin to the living cells, where about 5% is
converted to free tocopherol and provides beneficial antioxidant effects. Lecithin is one of the main components
of liposomes vesicles forming. The higher the phospholipid used, the more vesicles are formed, so that drug
use is also expected to be optimal. This study aims to determine the effect of increased lecithin concentration
on the efficiency of vitamin E application in liposomes made by thin layer hydration method. In this study
3 formulas were prepared using cholesterol and lecithin with a ratio of 20 mg each:100 mg (F I), 20 mg:400 mg
(F II) and 20 mg:700 mg (F III). Evaluation of liposomes, among others, the efficiency of adsorption, particle
size and morphology. The results showed the formulation of vitamin E in liposome using thin layer hydration
method obtained liposomal adsorption efficiency from F I to F III, respectively that is 41,3799%; 47.6162% and
52.7216%. It can be concluded that an increase in lecithin concentration may increase the efficiency of the
adsorption in which F III is the best formula for improving the efficiency of adsorption.

Tocopheryl acetate is not oxidized and can penetrate through the skin to the living cells, where about 5% is
converted to free tocopherol and provides beneficial antioxidant effects. Lecithin is one of the main components
of liposomes vesicles forming. The higher the phospholipid used, the more vesicles are formed, so that drug
use is also expected to be optimal. This study aims to determine the effect of increased lecithin concentration
on the efficiency of vitamin E application in liposomes made by thin layer hydration method. In this study
3 formulas were prepared using cholesterol and lecithin with a ratio of 20 mg each:100 mg (F I), 20 mg:400 mg
(F II) and 20 mg:700 mg (F III). Evaluation of liposomes, among others, the efficiency of adsorption, particle
size and morphology. The results showed the formulation of vitamin E in liposome using thin layer hydration
method obtained liposomal adsorption efficiency from F I to F III, respectively that is 41,3799%; 47.6162% and
52.7216%. It can be concluded that an increase in lecithin concentration may increase the efficiency of the
adsorption in which F III is the best formula for improving the efficiency of adsorption.

Kemampuan naratif merupakan ketrampilan yang berkaitan dengan bahasa ekspresi (expressivelanguage), termasuk bagaimana menggambarkan atau menceritakan berbagai hal, dan termasukmenceritakan kembali (retelling) kisah atau cerita yang sudah didengarkan (storytelling).Dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di Madrasah Muhammadiyah Bandar Lampung, guru menjadikomunikator yang harus memiliki kemampuan ini. Pesan-pesan yang disampaikan baik berupapengetahuan, nilai-nilai, dan nasehat akan mampu diterima dan dipahami dengan baik oleh siswaapabila ditunjang ketrampilan ini. Metode yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan pengabdian meliputiobservasi partisipatoris, dimana tim melakukan pengamatan terhadap kegiatan-kegiatan yangdilakukan oleh mitra, selanjutnya dilakukan diskusi dan wawancara dengan kepala madrasah danguru, dilanjutkan dengan pemaparan materi, feedback, diskusi, sharing pengalaman diikuti denganpraktek, dan terakhir membahas rencana tindak lanjut. Hasil dari kegiatan dapat diidentifikasibahwa menurut para peserta, penguatan guru melalui kegiatan ini dapat dilakukan secara periodikdan berkelanjutan, selain itu guru menjadi termotivasi untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan naratif,termasuk disini adalah peningkatan kemampuan berkomunikasi secara lebih efektif, tepatsasaran, dan berbobot, baik dengan mitra sejawat, orang tua siswa, dan siswa. Selanjutnya paraguru terdorong untuk meningkatkan kemampuannya melalui berbagai perangkat yang dapatmereka akses, misal dengan mengakses internet melalui berbagai media social dan media lainyang terjangkau oleh mereka.

Kemampuan naratif merupakan ketrampilan yang berkaitan dengan bahasa ekspresi (expressivelanguage), termasuk bagaimana menggambarkan atau menceritakan berbagai hal, dan termasukmenceritakan kembali (retelling) kisah atau cerita yang sudah didengarkan (storytelling).Dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di Madrasah Muhammadiyah Bandar Lampung, guru menjadikomunikator yang harus memiliki kemampuan ini. Pesan-pesan yang disampaikan baik berupapengetahuan, nilai-nilai, dan nasehat akan mampu diterima dan dipahami dengan baik oleh siswaapabila ditunjang ketrampilan ini. Metode yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan pengabdian meliputiobservasi partisipatoris, dimana tim melakukan pengamatan terhadap kegiatan-kegiatan yangdilakukan oleh mitra, selanjutnya dilakukan diskusi dan wawancara dengan kepala madrasah danguru, dilanjutkan dengan pemaparan materi, feedback, diskusi, sharing pengalaman diikuti denganpraktek, dan terakhir membahas rencana tindak lanjut. Hasil dari kegiatan dapat diidentifikasibahwa menurut para peserta, penguatan guru melalui kegiatan ini dapat dilakukan secara periodikdan berkelanjutan, selain itu guru menjadi termotivasi untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan naratif,termasuk disini adalah peningkatan kemampuan berkomunikasi secara lebih efektif, tepatsasaran, dan berbobot, baik dengan mitra sejawat, orang tua siswa, dan siswa. Selanjutnya paraguru terdorong untuk meningkatkan kemampuannya melalui berbagai perangkat yang dapatmereka akses, misal dengan mengakses internet melalui berbagai media social dan media lainyang terjangkau oleh mereka.

Kemampuan naratif merupakan ketrampilan yang berkaitan dengan bahasa ekspresi (expressivelanguage), termasuk bagaimana menggambarkan atau menceritakan berbagai hal, dan termasukmenceritakan kembali (retelling) kisah atau cerita yang sudah didengarkan (storytelling).Dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di Madrasah Muhammadiyah Bandar Lampung, guru menjadikomunikator yang harus memiliki kemampuan ini. Pesan-pesan yang disampaikan baik berupapengetahuan, nilai-nilai, dan nasehat akan mampu diterima dan dipahami dengan baik oleh siswaapabila ditunjang ketrampilan ini. Metode yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan pengabdian meliputiobservasi partisipatoris, dimana tim melakukan pengamatan terhadap kegiatan-kegiatan yangdilakukan oleh mitra, selanjutnya dilakukan diskusi dan wawancara dengan kepala madrasah danguru, dilanjutkan dengan pemaparan materi, feedback, diskusi, sharing pengalaman diikuti denganpraktek, dan terakhir membahas rencana tindak lanjut. Hasil dari kegiatan dapat diidentifikasibahwa menurut para peserta, penguatan guru melalui kegiatan ini dapat dilakukan secara periodikdan berkelanjutan, selain itu guru menjadi termotivasi untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan naratif,termasuk disini adalah peningkatan kemampuan berkomunikasi secara lebih efektif, tepatsasaran, dan berbobot, baik dengan mitra sejawat, orang tua siswa, dan siswa. Selanjutnya paraguru terdorong untuk meningkatkan kemampuannya melalui berbagai perangkat yang dapatmereka akses, misal dengan mengakses internet melalui berbagai media social dan media lainyang terjangkau oleh mereka.

Tocopheryl acetate is not oxidized and can penetrate through the skin to the living cells, where about 5% is
converted to free tocopherol and provides beneficial antioxidant effects. Lecithin is one of the main components
of liposomes vesicles forming. The higher the phospholipid used, the more vesicles are formed, so that drug
use is also expected to be optimal. This study aims to determine the effect of increased lecithin concentration
on the efficiency of vitamin E application in liposomes made by thin layer hydration method. In this study
3 formulas were prepared using cholesterol and lecithin with a ratio of 20 mg each:100 mg (F I), 20 mg:400 mg
(F II) and 20 mg:700 mg (F III). Evaluation of liposomes, among others, the efficiency of adsorption, particle
size and morphology. The results showed the formulation of vitamin E in liposome using thin layer hydration
method obtained liposomal adsorption efficiency from F I to F III, respectively that is 41,3799%; 47.6162% and
52.7216%. It can be concluded that an increase in lecithin concentration may increase the efficiency of the
adsorption in which F III is the best formula for improving the efficiency of adsorption.